Discovering the enzyme which changes the B type blood into O type

A, discovering the enzyme which changes the B type blood into O type


　In only the person of the same type of blood the method of changing into the O type which can be transfused by anyone was discovered the blood of A type and the B type which cannot be transfused. If safety and effectiveness of this method are verified, insufficiency of the blood for transfusion can think also that it becomes past ones, expectation and interest are moved aside. This knowledge was published to scientific magazine “Nature Biotechnology” April 1st online edition.

　Most people, have either inside four types of blood A, B, O or AB. At cell level, there is the respective individual sugar molecule on the surface of the red corpuscle of A type and B type, with AB type the both sugar molecule of A and B exists. For example when the blood of A type you transfuse to the person of B type, this sugar molecule becomes “the antigen”, induces the fatal immune reaction. However, in the circumstance of the emergency which does not have the room which as for the blood of O type because it does not have this “antigen”, it can use safely by anyone, the type of blood of the especially patient inspects it is useful. Because of this, if the blood of O type is used and more than other type mentions “blood insufficiency” you say that it means to mean the insufficiency of O type.

　In order to cancel this insufficiency, removing the antigen of A type and B type from the red corpuscle, the technology which it changes into O type becomes necessary. If the enzyme is used, it was thought that it is possible, but those where the enzyme which designates just the antigen of A type and B type as the target is discovered were difficult problem. Test was executed in the past, the American ZymeQuest corporation (Massachusetts state) concerning the enzyme which was refined, if, but the antigen remains even from 1%, it was found that the immune reaction occurs, the good result was not obtained.

　Two bacterial enzyme families which are called the glycosidase where in the latest research, the team of Henrik Clausen doctors of the 0 0N Harvard University medical department and the Copenhagen university, inspects the database of the bacterium and Eumycetes thoroughly, can remove this sugar molecule as the target were discovered.

　The american blood center (ABC) Louis M. Katz doctor concerning this enzyme “has the necessity to advance regardless to clinical test”, that although it does that several doubt remains, you express, you point out the possibility the little residue of possibility and the enzyme itself where the immune reaction happens the enzyme vis-a-vis the red corpuscle which was processed causing immunity obstacle. In addition, Katz touches concerning the problem of cost, when the one which applies the fund which is necessary for the enlargement of this kind of technology, to the collection of the blood donor is good, it has expressed also viewpoint. Presently, every year 5% of population has donated blood, but if this becomes 7%, blood insufficient problem when it is the expectation which is cancelled Katz has expressed.